Literacy Blogs

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28 March, 2026

How Can Effective Teaching Do Harm?

May 14, 2022, I published what I thought would be my last word on Reading Recovery (RR) http://shanahanonliteracy.com/blog/me-and-reading-recovery. Fat chance. RR, if you don’t know, is a remedial reading program for first graders. It started in the 1970s in New Zealand and was widely adopted throughout the United States. Over the years, it has been both widely lauded and decried by reading authorities. From its inception, it was the focus of lots of research – much of which seemed to support its effectiveness, though I had expressed concerns about this (Shanahan, 1987; Shanahan & Barr, 1995), as had others (Iversen & Tunmer, ...

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14 May, 2022

Me and Reading Recovery

Teacher question: Would you do an article about your thoughts on recent report about Reading Recovery?   Shanahan response: The first time I heard of Reading Recovery (RR) was in 1987. The editor of the Journal of Reading Behavior asked me to review Marie Clay’s book, Early Detection of Reading Disabilities. I knew of the book – even had a copy – but was only aware of the innovative assessment that it presented. I hesitated to take on the task since the book was already in its third edition and had attracted a reasonable number of reviews already. "That's the point," she told me. The ...

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